| | 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. |
| | 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental possession of England. |
| | 1566 - Pius V becomes Pope. |
| | 1598 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia. |
| | 1608 - Fire destroys Jamestown, Virginia. |
| | 1610 - Galileo Galilei observes the four largest moons of Jupiter for the first time. He named them and in turn the four are called the Galilean moons. |
| | 1782 - The first American commercial bank opens (Bank of North America). |
| | 1785 - Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover, England, to Calais, France, in a gas balloon. |
| | 1797 - The current flag of Italy is first used. |
| | 1835 - HMS Beagle anchors off the Chonos Archipelago. |
| | 1894 - W.K. Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film. |
| | 1904 - The distress signal "CQD" is established only to be replaced two years later by "SOS." |
| | 1922 - Dáil Éireann ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by a 64-57 vote. |
| | 1924 - George Gershwin completes Rhapsody in Blue. |
| | 1924 - The International Hockey Federation (FIH) is founded in Paris by seven member states: Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Hungary, Spain, and Switzerland. |
| | 1927 - First transatlantic telephone call - New York City to London. |
| | 1927 - The Harlem Globetrotters play their first game. |
| | 1935 - World War II: Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval sign the Italo-French agreements. |
| | 1942 - World War II: Siege of the Bataan Peninsula begins. |
| | 1945 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of the Bulge. |
| | 1950 - A fire at the Mercy Hospital in Davenport, Iowa, kills 41 people. |
| | 1953 - President Harry Truman announces that the United States has developed a hydrogen bomb. |
| | 1954 - Georgetown-IBM experiment, the first public demonstration of a machine translation system, was held in New York at the head office of IBM. |
| | 1959 - The United States recognizes the new Cuban government of Fidel Castro. |
| | 1972 - Iberia Airlines Caravelle 6-R crashed into Mont San Jose on approach to Ibiza Airport killing all 104 on board. |
| | 1979 - Phnom Penh fell to the advancing Vietnamese troops, driving out Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge. |
| | 1980 - President Jimmy Carter authorizes legislation giving $1.5 billion in loans to bail out Chrysler Corporation. |
| | 1984 - Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). |
| | 1989 - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan during World War II, dies. |
| | 1990 - The Leaning Tower of Pisa is closed to the public due to safety concerns. |
| | 1999 - The impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton begins. |