| | 1473 - Nicolaus Copernicus, mathematician and astronomer (d. 1543) |
| | 1526 - Charles de L'Ecluse, Flemish botanist (d. 1609) |
| | 1552 - Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal and statesman (d. 1630) |
| | 1630 - Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (d. 1680) |
| | 1660 - Friedrich Hoffmann, German physician and chemist (d. 1742) |
| | 1717 - David Garrick, British actor (d. 1779) |
| | 1722 - Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (d. 1774) |
| | 1743 - Luigi Boccherini, Italian composer (d. 1805) |
| | 1802 - Wilhelm Matthias Naeff, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1881) |
| | 1804 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, German physician (d. 1878) |
| | 1804 - David Wark, Canadian politician (d. 1905) |
| | 1821 - August Schleicher, German linguist (d. 1868) |
| | 1833 - Élie Ducommun, Swiss journalist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1906) |
| | 1859 - Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1927) |
| | 1865 - Sven Hedin, Swedish explorer (d. 1952) |
| | 1876 - Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (d. 1957) |
| | 1877 - Gabriele Münter, German painter (d. 1962) |
| | 1888 - José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (d. 1928) |
| | 1893 - Sir Cedric Hardwicke, British actor (d. 1964) |
| | 1895 - Louis Calhern, American actor (d. 1956) |
| | 1897 - Alma Rubens, American actress (d. 1931) |
| | 1899 - Yury Olesha, Russian novelist (d. 1960) |
| | 1900 - Giorgos Seferis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971) |
| | 1902 - Kay Boyle, American writer (d. 1992) |
| | 1904 - Havank, Dutch writer (d. 1964) |
| | 1911 - Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979) |
| | 1912 - Stan Kenton, American musician (d. 1979) |
| | 1912 - Saul Chaplin, American composer (d. 1997) |
| | 1913 - Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza, pretender to the title Emperor of Brazil |
| | 1914 - Jacques Dufilho, French comedian (d. 2005) |
| | 1916 - Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (d. 1997) |
| | 1917 - Carson McCullers, American author (d. 1967) |
| | 1920 - Jaan Kross, Estonian writer |
| | 1920 - George Rose, British music hall entertainer (d. 1988) |
| | 1920 - C. Z. Guest, American socialite (d. 2003) |
| | 1924 - David Bronstein, Ukrainian chess player |
| | 1924 - Lee Marvin, American actor (d. 1987) |
| | 1930 - John Frankenheimer, American film director (d. 2002) |
| | 1934 - Carole Eastman, American screenwriter (d. 2004) |
| | 1936 - Sam Myers, American musician and songwriter (d. 2006) |
| | 1936 - Marin Sorescu, Romanian writer and novelist (d. 1997) |
| | 1940 - Smokey Robinson, American musician |
| | 1940 - Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan |
| | 1941 - David Gross, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate |
| | 1942 - Paul Krause, American football player |
| | 1943 - Lou Christie, American singer |
| | 1943 - Tim Hunt, British biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
| | 1945 - Michael Nader, American actor |
| | 1946 - Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974) |
| | 1947 - Tim Shadbolt, mayor of Invercargill, New Zealand |
| | 1948 - Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician (d. 2002) |
| | 1948 - Tony Iommi, British musician (Black Sabbath) |
| | 1948 - Big John Studd, Professional wrestler |
| | 1949 - Dan Bunten, American software developer (d. 1998) |
| | 1950 - Andy Powell, British Musician |
| | 1951 - Stephen Nichols, American actor |
| | 1951 - Tahir-ul-Qadri, Pakastani Islamic scholar |
| | 1952 - Amy Tan, American novelist |
| | 1952 - Rodolfo Neri Vela, Mexican astronaut |
| | 1953 - Massimo Troisi, Italian actor (d. 1994) |
| | 1954 - Socrates, Brazilian footballer |
| | 1955 - Jeff Daniels, American actor |
| | 1956 - Roderick MacKinnon, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry |
| | 1956 - Kathleen Beller, American actress |
| | 1957 - Falco, Austrian singer (d. 1998) |
| | 1957 - Ray Winstone, British actor |
| | 1960 - Andrew, Duke of York |
| | 1962 - Hana Mandlikova, Czech tennis player |
| | 1963 - Seal, British singer |
| | 1964 - Dmitri Lipskerov, Russian writer |
| | 1966 - Justine Bateman, American actress |
| | 1966 - Paul Haarhuis, Dutch tennis player |
| | 1966 - Enzo Scifo, Belgian footballer |
| | 1967 - Benicio Del Toro, Puerto Rican actor |
| | 1969 - Burton C. Bell, American vocalist |
| | 1972 - Francine, American wrestler |
| | 1974 - Danny Doring, American wrestler |
| | 1977 - Gianluca Zambrotta, Italian footballer |
| | 1978 - Immortal Technique, American rapper |
| | 1979 - Mariska, Finnish rapper |
| | 1979 - Clinton Morrison, Irish International footballer |
| | 1981 - Gil Reyes, American boxer |
| | 1983 - Vitas, Russian singer |
| | 1983 - Mika Nakashima, Japanese singer/actress |
| | 1985 - Haylie Duff, American singer/actress |
| | 1986 - Reon Kadena, Japanese model/actress |
| | 1986 - Maria Mena, Norwegian singer |
| | 1986 - Judith Bingham, American singer/songwriter |
| | 1993 - Victoria Justice, American actress |