| | 686 - Charles Martel, grandfather of Charlemagne (d. 741) |
| | 1486 - Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian diplomat and historian (d. 1566) |
| | 1524 - François Hotman, French lawyer and writer (d. 1590) |
| | 1623 - Stanislaw Lubieniecki, Polish astronomer (d. 1675) |
| | 1724 - Abraham Yates, American Continental Congressman (d. 1796) |
| | 1741 - Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse, French explorer (d. 1788) |
| | 1754 - King Louis XVI of France (d. 1792) |
| | 1769 - Georges Cuvier, French biologist and statesman (d. 1832) |
| | 1783 - William Tierney Clark, English civil engineer (d. 1852) |
| | 1785 - Oliver Hazard Perry, U.S. naval officer (d.1819) |
| | 1805 - Anton von Schmerling, Austrian statesman (d. 1893) |
| | 1829 - Moritz Cantor, German mathematician (d.1920) |
| | 1847 - Sarah Frances Whiting, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1927) |
| | 1849 - William Ernest Henley, British poet, critic, and editor (d. 1903) |
| | 1852 - Arnold Toynbee, English economist and social reformer (d.1883) |
| | 1854 - Moritz Moszkowski, Polish/German composer (d. 1925) |
| | 1864 - Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece (d.1936) |
| | 1869 - Edgar Lee Masters, American author (d. 1950) |
| | 1919 - Vladimir Abramovich Rokhlin, Russian mathematician (d. 1984) |
| | 1925 - Robert Mulligan, American movie and television director |
| | 1875 - William Eccles, English radio pioneer (d. 1966) |
| | 1875 - Eugene Lanceray, Russian artist (d. 1946) |
| | 1880 - Alexander Grin, Russian writer (d. 1932) |
| | 1883 - Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV, U.S. general (d. 1953) |
| | 1884 - Will Cuppy, American humorist (d. 1949) |
| | 1884 - Ogden L. Mills, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, 1927-1932 (d. 1937) |
| | 1900 - Ernst Krenek, Austrian-born composer (d. 1991) |
| | 1901 - John Sherman Cooper, U.S. Senator from Kentucky (d. 1991) |
| | 1903 - William Primrose, Scottish violist (d. 1982) |
| | 1905 - Constant Lambert, British composer (d. 1951) |
| | 1911 - Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (d. 1998) |
| | 1912 - Gene Kelly, American dancer and actor (d. 1996) |
| | 1917 - Tex Williams, American singer (d. 1985) |
| | 1921 - Kenneth Arrow, American economist, Bank of Sweden Prize winner |
| | 1922 - George Kell, baseball player |
| | 1922 - Jean Darling, American child actress |
| | 1923 - Edgar F. Codd, English computer scientist (d. 2003) |
| | 1924 - Ephraim Kishon, Israeli writer (d. 2005) |
| | 1924 - Robert Solow, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate |
| | 1927 - Dick Bruna, Dutch illustrator |
| | 1929 - Vera Miles, American actress |
| | 1930 - Michel Rocard, Prime Minister of France |
| | 1931 - Hamilton O. Smith, American microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
| | 1932 - Houari Boumedienne, President of Algeria (d. 1978) |
| | 1932 - Mark Russell, American comedian, musician, and political commentator |
| | 1933 - Robert Curl, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate |
| | 1933 - Pete Wilson, Governor of California |
| | 1934 - Barbara Eden, American actress |
| | 1934 - Sonny Jurgensen, American football player |
| | 1936 - Henry Lee Lucas, American serial killer (d. 2001) |
| | 1943 - Nelson DeMille, American novelist |
| | 1944 - Antonia Novello, former United States Surgeon General |
| | 1946 - Keith Moon, English singer and drummer (The Who) (d. 1978) |
| | 1947 - Willy Russell, British playwright |
| | 1947 - David Robb, British actor |
| | 1948 - Andrei Plesu, Romanian writer, essayist |
| | 1948 - Daniel Ruettiger "Rudy", University of Notre Dame football legend |
| | 1949 - Shelley Long, American actress |
| | 1949 - Geoff Capes, English Strongman |
| | 1949 - Rick Springfield, Australian singer and actor |
| | 1951 - Akhmad Kadyrov, President of Chechnya (d. 2004) |
| | 1951 - Queen Noor of Jordan |
| | 1952 - Vicky Leandros, Greek singer |
| | 1953 - Bobby G, British singer (Bucks Fizz) |
| | 1954 - Charles Busch, American director, writer, actor and drag queen |
| | 1956 - Andreas Floer, German mathematician (d. 1991) |
| | 1958 - Julio Franco, NY Mets, oldest regular position player in MLB history |
| | 1961 - Dean DeLeo, American musician (Stone Temple Pilots) |
| | 1962 - Martin Cauchon, Canadian politician |
| | 1963 - Hans-Henning Fastrich, German field hockey player |
| | 1963 - Kenny Wallace, American race car driver |
| | 1965 - Roger Avary, Canadian-born screenwriter, director, and producer |
| | 1966 - Rik Smits, Dutch basketball player |
| | 1968 - Chris DiMarco, American golfer |
| | 1969 - Keith Tyson, English artist |
| | 1969 - Jeremy Schaap, American sportswriter |
| | 1970 - Jay Mohr, American actor and comedian |
| | 1970 - River Phoenix, American actor (d. 1993) |
| | 1971 - Demetrio Albertini, Italian footballer |
| | 1972 - Martin Grainger, English footballer |
| | 1974 - Ray Park, British actor |
| | 1974 - Shifty, American musician (Crazy Town) |
| | 1975 - Eliza Carthy, English singer and fiddler |
| | 1976 - Scott Caan, American actor |
| | 1977 - Douglas Sequeira, Costa Rican footballer |
| | 1978 - Kobe Bryant, American basketball player |
| | 1978 - Julian Casablancas, American musician |
| | 1982 - Natalie Coughlin, American swimmer |
| | 1982 - YTCracker, American musician |
| | 1984 - Glen Johnson, English footballer |
| | 1986 - Neil Cicierega, American cartoonist and musician |
| | 1988 - Niki Leinso, Croatian singer and songwriter |