| | 1220 - Emperor Go-Saga of Japan (d. 1272) |
| | 1543 - François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières, Constable of France (d. 1626) |
| | 1578 - William Harvey, English physician (d. 1657) |
| | 1610 - Charles de Saint-Évremond, French soldier (d. 1703) |
| | 1640 - Georg Mohr, Danish mathematician (d. 1697) |
| | 1647 - John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, English poet (d. 1680) |
| | 1765 - Luigi Schiavonetti, Italian engraver (d. 1810) |
| | 1776 - Sophie Germain, French mathematician (d. 1831) |
| | 1815 - Otto von Bismarck, 1st Chancellor of Germany (d. 1898) |
| | 1815 - Edward Clark, Governor of Texas (d. 1880) |
| | 1834 - Big Jim Fisk, American entrepreneur (d. 1872) |
| | 1854 - Bill Traylor, American artist (d. 1949) |
| | 1856 - Acacio Gabriel Viegas, Indian physician (d. 1933) |
| | 1865 - Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1929) |
| | 1866 - Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist and composer (d. 1924) |
| | 1868 - Edmond Rostand, French dramatist (d. 1918) |
| | 1873 (N.S.) - Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian composer, pianist, and conductor (d. 1943) |
| | 1875 - Edgar Wallace, English writer (d. 1932) |
| | 1880 - Agha Petros, Assyrian general (d. 1932) |
| | 1883 - Lon Chaney, Sr., American actor (d. 1930) |
| | 1885 - Wallace Beery, American actor (d. 1949) |
| | 1895 - Alberta Hunter, American singer (d. 1984) |
| | 1897 - Nita Naldi, American actress (d. 1961) |
| | 1898 - William James Sidis, American genius (d. 1944) |
| | 1899 - Gustavs Celmins, Latvian politician (d. 1968) |
| | 1900 - Robert McDowell, Mayor of Maryborough, Queensland (d. 1988) |
| | 1901 - Whittaker Chambers, American writer, editor, and defector (d. 1961) |
| | 1906 - Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev, Russian engineer and airplane designer (d. 1989) |
| | 1908 - Abraham Maslow, American psychologist (d. 1970) |
| | 1915 - Otto Wilhelm Fischer, Austrian actor (d. 2004) |
| | 1919 - Joseph Murray, American surgeon, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
| | 1920 - Toshiro Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997) |
| | 1922 - William Manchester, American writer (d. 2004) |
| | 1924 - Brendan Byrne, Governor of New Jersey |
| | 1926 - Charles Bressler, American tenor |
| | 1926 - Anne McCaffrey, American author |
| | 1928 - George Grizzard, American actor |
| | 1929 - Milan Kundera, Czech-born writer |
| | 1929 - Payut Ngaokrachang, Thai animator |
| | 1929 - Jane Powell, American dancer, actress, and singer |
| | 1929 - Bo Schembechler, American football coach (d. 2006) |
| | 1930 - Grace Lee Whitney, American actress |
| | 1931 - Rolf Hochhuth, German writer |
| | 1932 - Gordon Jump, American television actor (d. 2003) |
| | 1932 - Debbie Reynolds, American actress |
| | 1933 - Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate |
| | 1934 - Don Hastings, American television actor |
| | 1934 - Rod Kanehl, baseball player (d. 2004) |
| | 1935 - Larry McDonald, American politician (d. 1983) |
| | 1938 - Ali MacGraw, American actress |
| | 1938 - John Quade, American actor |
| | 1939 - Phil Niekro, American baseball pitcher |
| | 1940 - Wangari Maathai, Kenyan environmentalist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize |
| | 1942 - Samuel R. Delany, American author |
| | 1942 - Annie Nightingale, British disc jockey |
| | 1944 - Rusty Staub, Major League Baseball player |
| | 1946 - Ronnie Lane, British musician (The Small Faces and The Faces) (d. 1997) |
| | 1947 - Alain Connes, French mathematician |
| | 1947 - Norm Van Lier, American basketball player |
| | 1947 - Robin Scott, British singer |
| | 1948 - Jimmy Cliff, Jamaican musician |
| | 1949 - Gérard Mestrallet, French businessman |
| | 1949 - Gil Scott-Heron, American musician and composer |
| | 1949 - Sammy Nelson, Irish footballer |
| | 1950 - Samuel Alito, U.S. Supreme Court Justice |
| | 1952 - Annette O'Toole, American actress |
| | 1952 - Bernard Stiegler, French philosopher |
| | 1953 - Barry Sonnenfeld, producer and director |
| | 1960 - Michael Praed, British actor |
| | 1964 - Erik Breukink, Dutch cyclist and manager |
| | 1964 - Scott Stevens, Canadian hockey player |
| | 1965 - Mark Jackson, American basketball player |
| | 1965 - Robert Steadman, English composer |
| | 1970 - Sung Hi Lee, Korean-born model |
| | 1971 - Method Man, American musician |
| | 1971 - Shinji Nakano, Japanese race car driver |
| | 1972 - Allen and Albert Hughes, American film directors |
| | 1972 - Jesse Tobias, American musician |
| | 1973 - Christian Finnegan, American comedian |
| | 1973 - Stephen Fleming, New Zealand cricketer |
| | 1974 - Richard Christy, American drummer |
| | 1975 - George Bastl, Swiss tennis player |
| | 1976 - Clarence Seedorf, Surinamese-born footballer |
| | 1977 - Haimar Zubeldia, Spanish cyclist |
| | 1978 - Miroslava Vavrinec, Swiss tennis player |
| | 1980 - Bijou Phillips, American actress |
| | 1980 - Randy Orton, American professional wrestler |
| | 1980 - Yūko Takeuchi, Japanese actress |
| | 1981 - Hannah Spearritt, British singer (S Club 7) |
| | 1982 - Sam Huntington, American actor |
| | 1983 - Ólafur Ingi Skúlason, Icelandic footballer |
| | 1983 - Sean Taylor, American football player |
| | 1983 - Franck Ribery, French footballer |
| | 1984 - Olga Rei, Russian television personality |
| | 1985 - Kim Thomas, Ohio University student and school teacher |
| | 1986 - Ireen Wüst, Dutch speed skater |
| | 1988 - Courtney McCool, American gymnast |